Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: The Antibacterial Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: New Insights from Normal and Cancerous Urothelial Models

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9020218

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of bacterial strains used in the experiments.

Article Snippet: Enterococcus faecalis , Reference strain; vancomycin-resistant, vanB -positive strain , Gram-positive , ATCC 51299.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs, mg/L) against drug‐resistant S. aureus and E. faecalis strains.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques:

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs, mg/l) of two selected compounds and four comparative agents against a panel of S. aureus (Panel A), E. faecalis (Panel B) and E. faecium (Panel C). Panel A ‐ All clinical strains of S. aureus (blue line), except for the final three standard S. aureus strains (ATCC 29213, ATCC 700698 and ATCC 700699, black line). MSSA = methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ; S = sensitive; GISA = glycopeptide‐intermediate S. aureus ; hGISA = hetero‐GISA; Panel B ‐ All clinical strains of E. faecalis (blue line), except for the final three ATCC/NTC strains (black line). VRE = vancomycin‐resistant enterococci; S = sensitive short for MSSA ‐ methicillin‐sensitive S. aureus ; Panel C ‐ VRE = vancomycin‐resistant enterococci; S = sensitive. Comparative agents: Van – Vancomycin; Lzd – Linezolid; Teic ‐ Teicoplanin; Dap – Daptomycin. A colour code was used based on the highest (in blue) to the lowest MIC value (in green) of the data set (the coloured bar, mg/l, is included on the left‐hand side of the picture). The highest range of the colour mapping was set to 2.00 (Panel A) or 4.00 (Panels B and C) for visualisation purposes.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques: Glycoproteomics

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pre‐exposure of S. aureus and E. faecalis to quinoxaline analogues decreases their sensitivities.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques: Analogues

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pre‐exposure of S. aureus and E. faecalis to compounds 25 and 31 and impact on cross resistance to clinically available antibiotics.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques:

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: MBC values of compounds 25 and 31 against S. aureus and E. faecalis .

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques:

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quinoxaline analogues induce phenotypic alterations to the surface of both S. aureus and E. faecalis . Scanning electron micrographs of S. aureus ATCC 29213 (A–F) and E. faecalis NCTC 12201 (G–L). Panels A and G and Panels B and H represent untreated cells captured at 20,000‐ and 50,000‐times magnification, respectively. Bacteria treated with 2x MBC concentration of compound 25 are depicted in Panels C and I as well as Panels D and J at 20,000‐ and 50,000‐times magnification, respectively. Bacteria treated with 2 x MBC concentration of compound 31 are shown in Panels E and K as well as Panels F and L at 20,000‐ and 50,000‐times magnification, respectively. Blue arrows: loss of cellular content; red arrows: wrinkled cell surfaces; black arrow: cells that appear to have collapsed.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques: Analogues, Bacteria, Concentration Assay

Journal: MicrobiologyOpen

Article Title: Compounds Containing 2,3‐Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Their Biofilms

doi: 10.1002/mbo3.70011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quinoxaline analogues showed better anti‐biofilm activities (MBEC) compared to five selected comparative antibiotics.

Article Snippet: Compound 22 f displayed activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226; MIC of 1 mg/l), one flucloxacillin‐resistant S. aureus strain ( S. aureus NCTC 12493; MIC = 1 mg/L) and two vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) strains (NCTC 12201 ‐ MIC = 0.250 mg/L and ATCC 51299 ‐ MIC = 2 mg/L).

Techniques: Analogues